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Why a Small Business Needs a Budget

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A budget is a financial plan for a company’s future. It projects revenue and expenses, enabling a business to make confident financial decisions. Many business owners underestimate the value of a budget. The following are a number of reasons why your company needs a budget.

 

  • Enables accurate goal setting: A budget helps a business to set goals, priorities and spending caps. It shows where funding comes from and where new strategies might bring in revenue. A budget reminds you of your overall strategies when making decisions.  
  • Assists in writing a business plan: A realistic budget is an essential part of the business plan needed to raise capital for a company. It Indicates that the company has a viable strategy and a practical plan for making a profit.
  • Allows planning in advance: A budget helps your company account for long term needs, maximize profits and distribute revenue effectively over the course of a fiscal year.
  • Informs spending decisions: A budget establishes spending limits, promoting accountability. It shows how increased expenditures in one department can be balanced by a decrease in another, helping managers work together to avoid overspending while still providing necessities. 
  • Informs and motivates employees: A budget helps to unify and engage your employees by giving them quantifiable goals on which to focus. It encourages them to think of solutions to sales shortfalls/expense overages and to help the business hit its budget targets.
  • Unifies stakeholders: A solid budget gets stakeholders on board with your goals, keeping all parties in agreement with the company’s objectives and plans for meeting them. It helps gauge progress enabling investors, shareholders, owners and managers to work together to keep the company healthy and on track.
  • Enables performance evaluation: By tracking revenue and expenses, a budget helps evaluate the performance of your business over the course of the fiscal year. It ensures your company is sticking to the plan, pinpoints problems and identifies opportunities.
  • Attracts investors/satisfies lenders:  A detailed budget that your company adheres to shows lenders and potential investors that your business plan is working and inspires confidence in your business. 
  • Aids in determining staffing needs: A comprehensive budget will help you decide how many full-time, part-time or contract employees you need to reach your goals. It will assist you in determining whether you should do your own accounting/payroll or hire an outside consulting firm. 
  • Assist communication: The clear plans and expectations of a budget minimize confusion and create clear communication between departments and levels of management.

 

Budgeting is especially important for small businesses where being off on cost projections or estimated earnings can have a devastating effect on the company. Creating a budget for your small business makes operating your company easier, more efficient, gives you the best chance of achieving your long term goals and helps you reap rewards for your hard work. Consider hiring a Chartered Professional Accountant with expertise in business finance. They willl help your business create a detailed and viable budget. 

Need help in creating a detailed and realistic budget for your business? Contact Cook and Company Chartered Professional Accountants. Whether you operate a sole proprietorship or a sizable corporation with multiple subsidiaries, Cook and Company uses their experience and expertise to help your business. Contact us for a complimentary consultation.

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Cash Flow Management Tips for Small Businesses

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Has your business ever had trouble paying vendors, making loan installments or meeting payroll requirements due to cash flow issues? You’re not alone! Cash flow management is one of the biggest challenges that small business owners face. Though every business’s needs are unique, the following are some strategies that may improve your company’s cash flow position and ease the strain on your working capital.

 

  • Ask for a deposit: If your product or service requires considerable cash or effort before delivery, consider asking clients for a deposit.
  • Examine your debt collection procedures: Be prompt with your collections and follow up on past-due accounts receivable by sending reminders. Offer a discount for early payment of invoices.
  • Cut and/or delay expenses: If your company manufactures products, consider using lower-cost inputs to deliver the same goods. If you are a service company, opt for spending less time on the same work. Exhaust existing inventory before purchasing more. Hire part-time or contract employees to replace full-time employees.
  • Get a business credit card: Choose a card that rewards with points that can be used for travel and business purchases. Many cards come with innovative reporting options that illustrate spending trends to help business owners optimize their cash flow.
  • Get creative with marketing: Instead of expensive radio, TV or newspaper ads, opt for a less costly social media marketing campaign.
  • Restructuring your terms with vendors (an extra week or two for payments) can make a substantial difference. Once you have reached an agreement, be timely and dependable with your payments.
  • Finance purchase orders: If you’re a manufacturing or merchandising company and you require a significant amount of cash to fulfill your orders, financing purchase orders may be helpful. The financing company pays the vendor so you can acquire the merchandise/inventory you need to fulfill the order. This allows you to take large orders that you don’t yet have the cash to fill.
  • Increase margins: If your business has a unique product/service or a high demand for your product/service, consider increasing your margins by increasing your charges. 
  • Sell or lease idle equipment: Utilize eBay or Craigslist to sell redundant or idle equipment and use the proceeds to ensure cash flow.
  • Sell future revenue: Consider taking a loan that is automatically repaid via a percentage of your business’s credit/debit card transaction volume. 
  • Turn down, shift or postpone work to manage the volume of business for consistency over time. Offer good clients a discount for postponing their work, order or service. This will not be a viable strategy for companies with strong seasonal businesses (retailers, accountants, etc.).
  • Invoice factoring involves selling your invoices (an asset) to a factoring company. Instead of waiting 15, 30 or 60 days for your money, your business gets payment upfront.
  • Hire an accountant: A Chartered Professional Accountant will have the knowledge and experience to offer you creative solutions to your cash flow problems. 
  • Restructure payroll: Switching to a less frequent pay period can save on administrative costs (collecting, verifying, tabulating information). Direct deposit can also help stabilize your payroll withdrawals.
  • Borrow money before you need it: When your business is doing well, open a business line of credit. Interest rates can be as low as 6 to 7%. Ask for more than you need so you have reserves to draw from when times are tough.
  • Evaluate your cash flow on a regular basis. Calculate how much debt you can take on and not be overleveraged.  Factor in time, interest, ROI. Have a repayment plan in place for borrowed money. If possible, maintain a rainy-day reserve in case of an emergency.
  • Take advantage of technology by using apps and software to streamline your business processes and increase efficiency. Technology can enable you to spend less time worrying about cash flow and more time running your business.

Working capital is the fuel that powers small businesses. Managing cash flow is critical to running a profitable long-term business. Constantly look for new ways to improve cash flow management in your company.

Looking for ways to examine and improve your cash flow? Contact Cook and Company Chartered Professional Accountants. Whether you operate a sole proprietorship or a sizable corporation with multiple subsidiaries, Cook and Company uses their experience and expertise to help your business. Contact us for a complimentary consultation.

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What Financial Statements Does my Business Need?

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Financial statements are a set of documents showing a company’s current financial status. They communicate what your business owns and what it owes at a fixed point in time and provide details about your assets, liabilities and equity. There are three statements that all businesses require for tax, financing and investing purposes.

 

Balance sheet:

The balance sheet is a snapshot of a company’s performance at a given time. It identifies the company’s assets (inventory, equipment, vehicles, furniture, property, cash), liabilities (short term debts, long term loans, accounts payable) and equity (what would be left if assets were sold and debts paid). The balance sheet is an indication of the health of a business and helps business owners make decisions regarding how much inventory to order, if assets should be sold and whether a cash infusion is called for. Lenders use a company’s balance sheet to evaluate collateral and risk.  

 

Income statement:

The income statement, also known as a profit and loss statement, summarizes a company’s revenue and expenses for a given period of time. This report shows the company’s bottom line. The income statement consists of four sections; revenues (net sales), cost of goods sold (inventory, freight, labour, indirect expenses), expenses (wages, advertising, depreciation, payroll taxes, office expenses, utilities) and other income (assets sold, interests on loans/investments). The income statement is the document you show to potential lenders/investors and is necessary during tax season. It indicates the profitability of a business’ current operations and guides management in how to expand or cut operations for greater profits.

 

Cash flow statement:

The cash flow statement reports the cash and cash equivalents that flow into and out of a company in a given time period. It measures how much cash a company has on hand. Your income statement shows your company’s bottom line while the cash flow statement shows how your business earns cash and where it goes. The information in this report is used to project how much revenue can be expected in the future, estimate upcoming expenses and make judgments re revenue gaps that may result in non-payment of business liabilities and debts. There are three activities documented in a cash flow statement; operations (accounts receivable, accounts payable, wages, merchandise expenses), investments (equipment and merchandise purchased, purchase of an asset, loans made to vendors, payments related to a merger or acquisition)  and financing (bank loans, shareholder monies, personal investments, dividend payments, loan repayments, sale of company stocks). This report informs management of how much cash is available to pay expenses and invest in the business. Large discrepancies between the cash flow statement and the income statement help identify problems in a business’s operations.

Financial statements are written records that convey a company’s activities and financial performance. The balance sheet provides an overview of assets, liabilities, and stockholders’ equity. The income statement focuses on a company’s revenues and expenses. The cash flow statement measures how a company generates cash to pay its debt obligations, fund its operating expenses, and fund investments. These three main financial statements are interrelated and help you make smart financial, investment and management decisions. All businesses should prepare these reports on a regular basis. Talk to your chartered accountant. They will have the knowledge, expertise and experience to provide you with the financial statements you require. 

Need help with your company’s financial statements? Contact Cook and Company Chartered Professional Accountants. Whether you operate a sole proprietorship or a sizable corporation with multiple subsidiaries, Cook and Company uses their experience and expertise to help your business. Contact us for a complimentary consultation.

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Why do I Need a Financial Statement for my Business?

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Financial statements are records that communicate the activities and the financial performance of a business. They generally include a balance sheet, an income statement and a cash flow statement. They indicate:

  • How much money is made
  • How much money is spent
  • What the company owns
  • What the company owes
  • The net value of the business
  • Where the money came from and where it went
  • The amount of money kept in the company

Companies generally hire an accountant to prepare their financial statements then use the reports as a management tool to affect positive change within their organization. There are several reasons why a business needs financial statements:

  • For performance measurement: Financial statements provide a gauge of performance that helps you review the success of your business and communicate your past, present, and future prospects to stakeholders. It allows you to assess management’s stewardship of the company, the viability of the business and is a starting point in forecasting future performance.
  • For loan applications/investors: Many lenders will not consider a loan application without up to date financial reports. The information in a financial statement forms the foundation of a bank’s decision whether to fund a venture or a company. A business can use financial statements to persuade an investor to buy into the company, or to attract a venture partner who can put money into a new project.
  • For the CRA: In order to file corporate tax returns, Canadian corporations are required to produce financial statements. To avoid penalties, a company needs to have financial statements prepared on a yearly basis.
  • For regulating cash flow: Financial statements help a business anticipate borrowing needs. Reviewing your statements can reveal trends your business can use in its cash flow strategies.
  • For decision making: Financial statements provide decision-makers within a company with the up-to-date information necessary to make effective choices. Financial reports are used to provide shareholders, partners and/or potential investors with key business metrics.

 

Start your business off with the correct financial statements and a maintenance plan for keeping them in order. These reports will assist you when measuring the value of your company,  applying for a loan, attracting investors and/or selling your business. They are a powerful diagnostic tool you can use to evaluate your firm’s strengths and weaknesses, helping you chart the way forward. Talk to your accountant about the statements that your business needs. They will have the knowledge, experience and expertise to help you with your financial statements.

Need help with your company’s financial statements? Contact Cook and Company Chartered Professional Accountants. Whether you operate a sole proprietorship or a sizable corporation with multiple subsidiaries, Cook and Company uses their experience and expertise to help your business. Contact us for a complimentary consultation.

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Should I Incorporate my Business?

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When you incorporate a business, you create a distinct legal entity separate from its owners and/or shareholders. This entity has the same rights as a person. It can own property, obtain loans, enter into contracts, sue, be sued and be found guilty of a crime. You can incorporate either federally or provincially. Which you choose depends on whether you intend to do business in more than one province. Though there are a multitude of advantages to small business incorporation, it is not the right path for every company. Carefully examine the pros and cons of incorporation before deciding.

 

PROS:

  • Limited liability: Incorporating provides a layer of security against personal liability. You’re not responsible for the corporation’s financial obligations, personal assets cannot be taken to pay business debts and you do not answer to company lawsuits.
  • Lower tax rate: Corporations are taxed separately from their owners/shareholders. This is an advantage as corporate tax rates are typically lower than the tax rates for individuals.
  • Tax deferral: Instead of taking a salary, you can choose to leave income in the business, taking it out when your personal tax rate is lower.
  • Continuous existence: Corporations continue to exist unless they wind-up, amalgamate, or give up their charter. An incorporated business continues to exist even if the ownership changes making the selling of the business easier.
  • Better Access to Financing: Corporations are often able to raise money and grow more easily because they can issue bonds/shares to investors and borrow money at lower rates.
  • Income Splitting: The owner of an incorporated company can hire their spouse and children, a significant tax advantage. The company deducts the amount it pays them as an expense, while family members pay tax at their personal income tax rate.
  • Business name protection: When you incorporate your business provincially, the business name you choose is reserved for you. If you incorporate federally, you have the right to use your business name throughout the country. Without incorporation, anyone can start a business with the same or a similar name.

CONS:

  • Costs of incorporation: The process of incorporation requires completion of legal paperwork and the associated costs. Ongoing costs include annual legal filing fees and professional accountant fees (filing an annual corporate tax return, notices of any changes and articles of amendment).
  • Multiple tax returns: Owners of corporations must file personal income tax returns and an additional tax return for the company.
  • Increased administrative requirements: The owner of an incorporated business needs to maintain a minute book containing corporate bylaws and minutes of corporate meetings. They must also maintain up to date records of business activities.
  • More complexity: An incorporated business has individuals who act on its behalf (shareholders, owners, directors, CEO, CFO, president, etc.). The company requires a paper trail of activities of these individuals to ensure all by-laws are followed.
  • Reduced tax flexibility: When revenues are high, there are many tax advantages to being incorporated. When a company experiences losses, incorporation can be a disadvantage. Losses can only be carried forward or back to reduce the company’s income from other years, not in the year the losses are incurred.

When it comes to small business incorporation in Canada, it’s wise to consider every angle before making your decision. Talk to your accountants. They will provide you with advice and information to help you decide whether incorporation will be a benefit for your company.

Considering incorporation? Contact Cook and Company. Whether you operate a sole proprietorship or a sizable corporation with multiple subsidiaries, Cook and Company uses their experience and expertise to help your business. Contact us for a complimentary consultation.

 

 

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